USG Fetal Growth Scan (Fetal Growth Parameters Assessment)

A Fetal Growth Scan is a detailed ultrasound performed during pregnancy to assess the baby’s growth, weight, and overall well-being. It measures key fetal parameters to ensure that the baby is developing normally. This scan is usually done in the second and third trimesters, especially between 28 to 40 weeks.

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Why is a Fetal Growth Scan Done?

✅ To assess fetal growth and estimate weight
✅ To monitor for fetal growth restriction (IUGR) or macrosomia (excessive growth)
✅ To check amniotic fluid levels (oligohydramnios or polyhydramnios)
✅ To evaluate blood flow using Doppler (if needed)
✅ To check placental function and umbilical cord circulation
✅ To ensure the baby is in the correct position before delivery

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Fetal Growth Parameters Measured in USG:

📌 1. Biparietal Diameter (BPD):

• Measures the width of the baby’s head.

• Helps estimate gestational age.

📌 2. Head Circumference (HC):

• Measures the baby’s head size.

• Important for checking brain development.

📌 3. Abdominal Circumference (AC):

• Measures the size of the baby’s abdomen.

• Key for estimating fetal weight and detecting growth restriction.

📌 4. Femur Length (FL):

• Measures the length of the baby’s thigh bone.

• Helps estimate overall fetal growth.

📌 5. Estimated Fetal Weight (EFW):

• A calculation based on BPD, HC, AC, and FL.

• Predicts if the baby is underweight, normal, or large for gestational age.

📌 6. Amniotic Fluid Index (AFI):

• Checks if there is enough amniotic fluid for the baby’s movement and lung development.

📌 7. Fetal Heart Rate (FHR):

• Monitors the baby’s heartbeat to ensure normal function.

📌 8. Placental Position & Maturity:

• Determines if the placenta is functioning well and in the correct location (not covering the cervix).

📌 9. Umbilical Artery Doppler (if needed):

• Assesses blood flow between the baby and placenta.

• Helps detect fetal distress or placental insufficiency.

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When is a Fetal Growth Scan Done?

📌 28-32 weeks: First growth scan (to check normal development).
📌 34-36 weeks: Second growth scan (to assess fetal position and weight).
📌 After 36 weeks: If needed, to monitor for late pregnancy complications.

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Preparation for the Scan:

🔹 No fasting required.
🔹 Drink water before the scan (a full bladder helps with imaging).
🔹 Wear loose clothing for easy access to the abdomen.

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Procedure:

1️⃣ A gel is applied to the abdomen.
2️⃣ A transducer (probe) moves over the belly to capture images of the baby.
3️⃣ Measurements of BPD, HC, AC, FL, AFI, and fetal weight are taken.
4️⃣ If needed, Doppler imaging is used to check blood flow.
5️⃣ The scan takes 20-30 minutes and is painless.

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Is a Fetal Growth Scan Safe?

✅ Yes, it is completely safe, non-invasive, and radiation-free.
✅ Essential for monitoring high-risk pregnancies, diabetes, hypertension, IUGR, or suspected complications.