Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) Scan

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) Scan – Details & Precautions

A GERD scan, also known as a Gastroesophageal Reflux Scintigraphy or Milk Scan, is a nuclear medicine test used to detect acid reflux and assess how well the stomach empties into the small intestine. It is commonly used for patients with chronic acid reflux, regurgitation, or aspiration-related lung issues.

Details of a GERD Scan

Purpose

• Detects acid reflux (backflow of stomach contents into the esophagus).
• Evaluates aspiration risk (entry of stomach contents into the lungs).
• Assesses gastric emptying problems.
• Helps diagnose GERD in infants and children with frequent vomiting or breathing issues.

Procedure

1. Preparation

   • You will be asked to drink a liquid (usually milk or water) mixed with a small amount of radioactive tracer (Technetium-99m).
   • The tracer allows a gamma camera to track the movement of food and liquid in the esophagus and stomach.

2. Imaging Process

   • You will lie down under the gamma camera, which takes images at regular intervals (e.g., every 30 seconds to 1 minute).
   • The test checks if stomach contents flow back into the esophagus and how quickly the stomach empties.
   • In some cases, images may be taken up to 1–2 hours later to assess delayed gastric emptying.

3. Completion

   • The scan usually takes 30–60 minutes, though delayed imaging may extend the test duration.
   • The results help determine if acid reflux or slow gastric emptying is contributing to symptoms.

Precautions for a GERD Scan

Before the Test

✅ Fasting:

• Avoid eating or drinking for 4–6 hours before the scan.

✅ Medication Restrictions:

• Your doctor may ask you to stop antacids, proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), or H2 blockers (e.g., omeprazole, ranitidine) before the test.

✅ Avoid Smoking & Caffeine:

• No smoking, coffee, tea, or alcohol for 24 hours before the scan.

✅ Pregnancy/Breastfeeding:

• Inform your doctor if you are pregnant or breastfeeding, as the radioactive tracer may affect the baby.

During the Test

• Remain still while the images are taken.
• If you experience nausea or discomfort, inform the technician.

After the Test

✅ Drink plenty of water to flush the radioactive tracer from your body.
✅ No radiation precautions are needed, as the tracer dose is minimal.
✅ Follow your doctor’s advice based on the scan results.