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The Clostridium difficile GDH Reflex Toxin A/B test is used to detect C. difficile infection (CDI), a bacterial infection causing severe diarrhea and colitis, often associated with antibiotic use. This test detects:
1️⃣ GDH (Glutamate Dehydrogenase) antigen – A broad screening test for C. difficile.
2️⃣ Toxin A & B – The actual toxins that cause diarrhea and colitis.
🔹 To diagnose C. difficile infection in patients with severe or persistent diarrhea
🔹 To identify toxin-producing C. difficile (not all strains are harmful)
🔹 To guide treatment decisions and prevent complications like toxic megacolon
| Test Component | What It Detects | Possible Result Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| GDH Antigen | C. difficile presence | ✅ Positive = Possible infection ❌ Negative = No infection |
| Toxin A/B | Disease-causing toxins | ✅ Positive = Active toxin-producing infection ❌ Negative = Carrier state or inactive infection |
✅ Reflex Testing:
If GDH is positive but toxins are negative, a PCR test (NAAT) may be done to check for toxigenic C. difficile genes.
| GDH Result | Toxin A/B Result | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| Negative | Negative | No C. difficile infection |
| Positive | Negative | Possible carrier state or non-toxigenic strain (PCR may be needed) |
| Positive | Positive | Active C. difficile infection (CDI) – needs treatment |
✅ Stop unnecessary antibiotics (if applicable)
✅ Start CDI treatment – Oral vancomycin or fidaxomicin (first-line)
✅ Maintain hydration 💧
✅ Strict infection control to prevent spread