RPOC (Retained Products of Conception) – Ultrasound Assessment

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RPOC (Retained Products of Conception) – Ultrasound Assessment

Retained Products of Conception (RPOC) refer to the remaining placental or fetal tissue in the uterus after a miscarriage, abortion, or delivery. A pelvic ultrasound (transabdominal or transvaginal) is the primary imaging technique used to diagnose RPOC.


1. Why is an RPOC Ultrasound Done?

An ultrasound for RPOC is recommended if a patient experiences:
Persistent vaginal bleeding after miscarriage, abortion, or delivery
Pelvic pain or cramping
Infection symptoms (fever, foul-smelling discharge)
Delayed return of normal periods


2. Types of Ultrasound Used for RPOC

🔹 Transabdominal Ultrasound (TAUS):

  • Done through the abdomen

  • Requires a full bladder for better imaging

🔹 Transvaginal Ultrasound (TVS):

  • More detailed view of the uterus

  • Performed with an empty bladder


3. What Does an RPOC Ultrasound Check?

📌 Endometrial Thickness:

  • Normally <5mm after delivery/miscarriage

  • RPOC suspected if thickness is >10-15mm

📌 Echogenic Material in Uterus:

  • Presence of mixed or hyperechoic tissue suggests RPOC

  • Heterogeneous areas may indicate blood clots

📌 Increased Vascularity on Doppler:

  • High blood flow in retained tissue suggests active RPOC

  • Low or absent blood flow may indicate blood clots instead


4. What Are the Possible Findings?

Ultrasound Finding Interpretation
Thin endometrium (<5mm) with no echogenic mass Normal, no RPOC
Thickened endometrium (>10-15mm) with mixed echoes Possible RPOC
Increased blood flow on Doppler Active RPOC (may need intervention)
No blood flow on Doppler Possible blood clot (may resolve on its own)

5. Next Steps if RPOC is Detected

🔹 Mild cases – May resolve naturally with medications (Misoprostol)
🔹 Severe cases – May require D&C (Dilation & Curettage) or hysteroscopy
🔹 Antibiotics if signs of infection are present


6. Is an RPOC Ultrasound Safe?

Yes, it is completely safe, non-invasive, and radiation-free.